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Investigation of Morphophysiological Indices of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Qaboos) Under the Effect of Density and Nitrogen Fertilizer in Gonbad Kavous Region
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Abbas Biabani *   , Mohammadreza Jangdoost Minab , Rahmatollah Mohamadi Gonbad , Reza Rezvani |
| Department of Plant Production, University of Gonbad Kavous, Gonbad Kavous, Iran. |
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Abstract: (12 Views) |
In order to study the effects of different planting densities and nitrogen fertilizer levels on wheat morpho-physiological traits, a split-plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted at the Gonbad Kavus Research Station during two cropping seasons (2020–2021 and 2021–2022). The experimental treatments included nitrogen fertilizer rates of 0, 100, 200, and 300 kg ha⁻¹ as the main factor, and wheat planting densities of 150, 225, 300, 375, 450, and 525 plants per m⁻² as the subfactor. The results indicated that all investigated traits including thousand-grain weight, grain yield, electrolyte leakage, and chlorophyll content were significantly affected by both nitrogen fertilizer level and planting density. The investigated traits, including thousand-grain weight, grain yield, electrolyte leakage, and chlorophyll content, were significantly influenced by nitrogen fertilizer application and plant density in wheat. Mean comparisons for plant density in the second year showed that the highest grain yield (7167.5 kg ha⁻¹) was achieved at a density of 300 plants m⁻², representing a 32.61% increase compared with the lowest grain yield (5405 kg ha⁻¹). Notably, this treatment did not differ significantly from the density of 375 plants m⁻². The highest thousand-grain weight was obtained with a nitrogen application rate of 200 kg ha⁻¹ (47.1 g) and a plant density of 150 plants m⁻² (46.6 g). Relative to the 100 kg ha⁻¹ nitrogen treatment, the increase was 10.31%, and compared with the density of 525 plants m⁻², the difference was 7.13%. Considering the interaction between nitrogen fertilizer and plant density, the greatest spike dry weight (2.38 g) was recorded under 100 kg ha⁻¹ nitrogen combined with a density of 450 plants m⁻². This value differed by 99.57% from the lowest treatment combination. Overall, the results suggest that optimal initial crop density for maximizing resource utilization and attaining superior wheat performance may be achieved by applying 300 kg ha⁻¹ of nitrogen fertilizer in combination with plant densities ranging from 300 to 375 plants m⁻².
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| Keywords: Optimum density, Biological yield, Chlorophyll and Dry weight. |
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Full-Text [PDF 1034 kb]
(8 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Crop Physiology
Received: 2026/04/12 | Accepted: 2026/03/4 | Published: 2026/03/4
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