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Evaluation of Yield, Yield Components, and Some Phenological and Morphophysiological Traits of Advanced Winter Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Lines in the Shirvan Region
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Abbas Biabani *   , Morteza Kariman , Elias Neyestani , Ali Rahemi , Reza Rezvani |
| Department of Plant Production, University of Gonbad Kavous, Gonbad Kavous, Iran. |
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Abstract: (6 Views) |
In order to identify and select drought-tolerant rainfed barley lines, an experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 15 advanced lines during the 2020–2021 growing season at the Dryland Agricultural Research Station of Shirvan, North Khorasan Province, Iran. In this study, phenological stages were recorded based on the Zadoks scale, while morphological traits and yield components, including plant height, number of spikes per square meter, number of grains per spike, thousand-grain weight, grain yield, and biological yield, were evaluated. In addition, physiological traits including total chlorophyll content, relative water content (RWC), and membrane stability index (MSI) were evaluated. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the studied lines for most traits, including plant height, grains per spike, thousand-grain weight, grain yield, and biological yield at the 1% level of significance (P<0.01). Mean comparison showed that the grain yield of the advanced lines increased by 39.2% to 45.0% compared with line control (local cultivar). Line 9 and line 5 exhibited the highest (0.203 kg m⁻²) and lowest (0.085 kg m⁻²) grain yields, respectively, compared with the check line (0.140 kg m⁻²). The highest biological yield was recorded for line 9 (0.32 kg m⁻²), representing a 43.5% increase compared with the check line (0.22 kg m⁻²). The relationships among traits indicated that grain yield and biological yield were mainly influenced by yield components, particularly the number of grains per spike and thousand-grain weight. Phenological traits contributed to yield variation through determining the duration of the growth period and the timing of critical developmental stages, whereas physiological traits affected performance directly and indirectly through improving plant water status and maintaining cellular membrane stability. Overall, the results demonstrated that the selection of early-maturing genotypes with appropriate physiological stability and a favorable combination of yield components can serve as an effective strategy for improving grain yield and enhancing the production stability of rainfed barley under dry climatic conditions.
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| Keywords: Plant height, barley, grain yield, water stress, and relative leaf water content. |
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Full-Text [PDF 758 kb]
(3 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Crop Physiology
Received: 2026/04/12 | Accepted: 2026/08/1 | Published: 2026/08/1
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