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The effect of foliar spraying of zinc and iron nanoparticles and some organic materials on physiological indices and yield of wheat.
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Hossein Delph Aboodi   , Esfandiar Fateh * , Amir Aynehband |
| Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. |
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Abstract: (240 Views) |
This research was conducted in the 2022-2023 agricultural year in the Gamboueh region, Hamidieh County, to investigate the effect of foliar application of zinc and iron nanoparticles and some organic materials on the physiological indices and yield of wheat. The experiment was conducted as a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments included organic fertilizers (5 levels): control (no organic fertilizer), bagasse biochar (5 tons/ha), vermicompost (5 tons/ha), humic acid (at stem elongation and flowering stages), seaweed extract (at stem elongation and flowering stages), and nanoparticles (4 levels): control (no nanoparticles), zinc nanoparticles (2 per thousand), iron nanoparticles (2 per thousand), and iron + zinc nanoparticles (2 per thousand). Grain yield in the control treatment was 3336 kg/ha, which did not significantly differ from the seaweed extract treatment (3382 kg/ha), but was lower than other treatments. The highest yield was obtained with vermicompost (4560 kg/ha) and humic acid (4637 kg/ha). Zinc and iron nanoparticles had a positive effect on grain yield. In the control treatment, the yield was 3630 kg/ha, which increased with the application of zinc nanoparticles (4038 kg/ha), iron nanoparticles (4056 kg/ha), and the iron + zinc combination (4289 kg/ha). The leaf area index was highest in the vermicompost (4.98) and humic acid (5.13) treatments. Foliar application of iron + zinc also increased this index to 5.04. The highest chlorophyll a content was observed in the vermicompost (1.35) and humic acid (1.38) treatments. Foliar application of iron + zinc (1.37) and iron (1.34) also showed a significant superiority over other treatments. The highest chlorophyll b content was observed in the iron + zinc foliar application (0.88) and iron treatments under humic acid application (0.90). The highest grain zinc content was in the vermicompost (32.5) and humic acid (34.5 mg/kg) treatments. Zinc nanoparticles (32.4) and the iron + zinc combination (32.2) also showed a significant increase. Humic acid (87.5) and vermicompost (89.8 mg/kg) had the highest grain iron content. Among the nanoparticles, the iron + zinc combination (89.2) and iron nanoparticles (82.2) performed better than other treatments. The application of vermicompost and humic acid, as well as foliar application of iron and zinc nanoparticles, had a positive effect on wheat yield and physiological characteristics, improving growth indices, chlorophyll, and grain nutrient content.
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| Keywords: Grain Yeild, Micronutrients and Vermicompost. |
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Full-Text [PDF 1488 kb]
(125 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Ecophysiology
Received: 2025/06/3 | Accepted: 2025/09/1 | Published: 2025/09/1
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