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The effect of salicylic acid application on morpho-physiological and yield traits of safflower cultivars under terminal heat stress
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Maryam Goodarzian Ghahfarokhi   , Afrasyab Rahnama * , Moosa Meskarbashee , Donald L. Smith |
| Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran |
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Abstract: (374 Views) |
Salicylic acid plays a pivotal role in the regulation of plants biotic and abiotic stress response. To study the effect of salicylic acid foliar application on morpho-physiological, and seed yield traits of safflower cultivars in three sowing dates, a field experiment carried out in a split plot factorial in randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz in 2018-2019 growing season. Main plots consisted of three sowing dates; 11th December, 31th December and 21th January (Normal, delay and late sowing dates, respectively), and sub plot consisted of factorial arrangement of different concentrations of salicylic acid (0, and 200 and 400 μm l-1, salicylic acid), and safflower cultivars (Faraman, Parnian, Goldasht and Sofeh). The interaction between sowing date, hormone foliar application, and cultivars significantly affected number of sub-branches, capitulum number per plant, 1000-seed weight, seed yield, biological yield, harvest index, photosynthetic rate, transpiration, stomatal conductance, and chlorophyll index. Heat stress caused by delayed and late sowing date showed a significant decrease in all traits, but salicylic acid enhanced traits in three sowing dates. In delayed sowing date, foliar application of 200 μm l-1 salicylic acid enhanced seed yield by 75, 23, and 5%, in Sofeh, Goldasht and Faraman cultivars, respectively, when compared to salicylic acid-deficient plants. In late sowing date, values for foliar application of 400 μm l-1 salicylic acid was by 77, 8, 41, and 70%, in Sofeh, Goldasht, Parnian and Faraman cultivars, respectively. Faraman and Goldasht cultivars along with 400 μm l-1 salicylic acid foliar application showed the highest seed yield in three sowing dates. Overall, salicylic acid foliar application mitigated the negative effects of heat stress by improving physiological traits and seed yield.
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| Keywords: Heat stress, Seed yield, Photosynthetic rate, Stomatal conductance |
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Full-Text [PDF 1036 kb]
(122 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Abiotic Stresses
Received: 2025/02/16 | Accepted: 2025/05/12 | Published: 2025/09/1
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