fa تاثیر آبیاری تکمیلی و کاربرد سلنیوم و مولیبدون بر گره‌زایی و عملکرد کمی و کیفی عدس ‌دیم فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی Crop Physiology پژوهشي Research <p dir="RTL" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">عدس یکی از مهمترین حبوبات در ایران است. عملکرد عدس در کشور ما در مقایسه با دیگر کشورهای تولید کننده این محصول</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">،</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> بسیار پایین است. محدودیت آبی</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">،</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> یکی از مهم‌ترین فاکتورهای مؤثر تحت شرایط دیم در مناطق خشک و نیمه&shy;خشک است. در این رابطه انجام آبیاری تکمیلی و کاربرد سلنیوم و مولیبدن می&shy;تواند اثرهای ناشی از کمبود آب را کاهش و عملکرد کمی و کیفی و گره&shy;زایی را افزایش دهد. از این&shy;رو، آزمایش فاکتوریلی در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه&shy;ای در نزدیک اردبیل در سال 1403 اجرا شد. فاکتورهای مورد بررسی </span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">محلول&shy;پاشی سلنیوم و مولیبدن در چهار سطح (محلول&shy;پاشی 5/0 میلی&shy;گرم در لیتر سلنیوم، 15 میلی&shy;گرم در لیتر</span></span></span></span></b> <b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مولیبدن</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">،</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> محلول&shy;پاشی توام سلنیوم و مولیبدن</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، محلول&shy;پاشی با آب به&shy;عنوان شاهد</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">) و آبیاری در دو سطح (دیم به&shy;عنوان شاهد و آبیاری تکمیلی در مرحله گلدهی) بود</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">. نتایج نشان داد که محدودیت آبی تحت شرایط دیم در مقایسه با</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> آبیاری تکمیلی در مرحله گلدهی</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">،</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> عملکرد و برخی صفات همچون محتوای نسبی آب</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">،</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> شاخص سبزینگی</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">،</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> دوره</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> مؤثر</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> پرشدن دانه</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">،</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> تعداد نیام در بوته و محتوای پروتئین بذر را کاهش داد. مقایسه میانگین&shy;ها نشان داد که استفاده از آبیاری تکمیلی و محلول&shy;پاشی مولیبدن و سلنیوم</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">،</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> سرعت پرشدن دانه</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> (</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">6/17</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> درصد)،</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> حداکثر وزن دانه و طول دوره پرشدن دانه (به&shy;ترتیب 1/43 و 12 درصد)</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">،</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> عملکرد کوانتومی (6/37 درصد) و عملکرد دانه را (48 درصد) در مقایسه با عدم محلول&shy;پاشی مولیبدن و سلنیوم تحت شرایط دیم</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">،</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> افزایش داد.</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> همچنین محلول&shy;پاشی سلنیوم و مولیبدن</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">،</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> تعداد گره فعال (8/1 برابر)</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> وزن خشک گره (5/24 درصد) را در مقایسه با سطح شاهد افزایش داد. بر اساس یافته&shy;های این آزمایش</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">،</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> می&shy;توان اظهار داشت که محلول&shy;پاشی مولیبدن و سلنیوم و آبیاری تکمیلی در مرحله گلدهی می&shy;تواند <span style="color:black">مؤ</span>لفه&shy;های پرشدن دانه و عملکرد کمی و کیفی دانه عدس دیم را افزایش دهد. </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><br> <br> &nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;<span style="font-size:12pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">Lentil (<i>Lens culinaris</i> L.) </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">is one of the important pulse crops in Iran.<span style="background:white"> The yield of lentil in our country is very low as compared to other lentil producing countries. One of the most important effective factors</span> is water limitation under rain fed conditions in arid and semi arid. In this regard, </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">supplementary irrigation</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">and </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">selenium and molybdenum</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">application </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">can decrease the effects of water deficit and increase</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black"> nodulation and </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">quantitative and qualitative yield. </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">So, </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">a factorial experiment was performed in a farm near Ardabil city in 2024 using<span style="background:white">&nbsp;randomized complete block design with three replications</span>. Experimental treatments were irrigation in two levels (rainfed as control and </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">supplementary irrigation</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black"> at the flowering stage) and </span></span></b><b>&nbsp;</b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">selenium and molybdenum</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">foliar application</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black"> at four levels (foliar application with water as control, foliar application</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black"> of 0.5 mg.L^-1 selenium, 15 mg.L^-1 molybdenum, both foliar application selenium and molybdenum</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">). </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">The result indicated that </span></span></b><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">water </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">limitation</span></span></b><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black"> under rain fed conditions</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black"> compared to</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black"> supplementary irrigation</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black"> at flowering stage decreased yield and some traits such as relative water content, </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">cholorophyll index</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="color:black">, effective grain filling period, the number of pod per plant and protein content of seed. Mean comparisions showed that </span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">the use of</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black"> supplementary irrigation</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black"> and </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">selenium and molybdenum</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">foliar application</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">increased grain filling rate (17.6%), and grain yield (48%) in compared to the no foliar application of </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">selenium and molybdenum</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">under rainfed codition. Also, </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">selenium and molybdenum</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">foliar application</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">increased the number of active noude (1.8 fold) and noude dry weight (24.5%) in compared to the control level. Therefore, with considering of the results of this study, it can be stated that</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">, applying supplementary irrigation</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black"> at flowering and </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">selenium and molybdenum</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">foliar application</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black"> can increase </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">grain filling components and </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">quantitative and qualitative yield of </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">rainfed lentil.</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black"></span></span></b></span></span></p> سرعت پرشدن دانه, شاخص کلروفیل, عملکرد کوانتومی و محتوای پروتئین دانه. ‌ Grain filling rate, Cholorophyll index, Quantum yield‌ ‌and Grain protein content 5 23 http://cpj.ahvaz.iau.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-58-16&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 raouf seyed sharifi رئوف سیدشریفی raouf_ssharifi@yahoo.com 1375696726 100319475328460012106 Yes Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of ‎Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran‎ گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران reza seyed sharifi رضا سیدشریفی reza_seyedsharifi@yahoo.com 1375696726 100319475328460012107 No univercity of mohaghegh ardabili گروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران