fa تأثیر نوع کود و مدیریت علفهای هرز بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی کیفی گیاه نیشکر (Sacharum officinarum) اکوفیزیولوژی Ecophysiology پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">به</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">منظور</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بررسی</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تأثیر نوع کود و مدیریت علف</span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">‌</span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های هرز بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی نیشکر،&nbsp; آزمایشی در</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">سال</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">1399 در</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کشت و صنعت حکیم فارابی وابسته به یکی از کشت وصنعت های هفت گانه شرکت توسعه نیشکر وصنایع جانبی به</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">صورت</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">فاکتوریل</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">قالب</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">طرح</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بلوک&shy;های</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کامل</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تصادفی</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در3 تکرار&nbsp; انجام</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">شد. تیمارهای مورد آزمایش شامل: فاکتور اول نوع کوددهی (شاهد، محلول پاشی عناصر </span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">NPK</span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و کاربرد کمپوست (باگاس&nbsp; نیشکر)) و فاکتور دوم مدیریت علف‌هرز ( شاهد، کنترل کامل علف هرز، سمپاشی با سنکور&nbsp; و سمپاشی با آلیون ) تدوین</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اجرا</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">گردید.</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">این</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">پژوهش صفت‌های کمی</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">چون</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ارتفاع ساقه، تعداد ساقه، قطر ساقه،</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">وزن</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">خشک</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ساقه، و&nbsp; عملکرد نیشکر و صفات کیفی چون درصد خلوص، ساکارز محلول و عملکرد ساکارز</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اندازه</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">گیری</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">شدند.</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نتایج</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نشان</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">داد</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">که</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تیمار</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کنترل کامل علف هرز و کاربرد کمپوست (باگاس نیشکر)</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">باعث</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">افزایش</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">معنی دار عملکرد نیشکر (8 تن و 409 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و عملکرد ساکارز (09/10 درصد)</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">شد. همچنین عملکرد نیشکر در شرایط عدم کنترل علف هرز درنه سرخه&nbsp; نسبت به کنترل کامل این علف هرز حدودا 30 درصد کاهش یافت. بنابراین می‌توان</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">گفت</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">که</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">استفاده</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">از</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تیمار کنترل کامل برای</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کنترل</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">علف</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">هرز</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و استفاده از کمپوست در</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اهواز</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">می‌تواند</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مؤثر</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">باشد.</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مدیریت علف‌هرز کنترل کامل</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و کاربرد علفکش آلیون باعث</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کاهش</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">وزن خشک و تر و تراکم</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">علف</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">هرز درنه سرخه در نیشکر شد. کاربرد علف کش&shy;های سنکور و آلیون، باعث کاهش ده درصدی عملکرد نیشکر نسبت به شاهد شد. عملکرد ساکارز</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">با کاربرد کمپوست و محلول پاشی عناصر</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">افزایش</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">پیدا</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کرد. همچنین بیشترین میزان درصد خلوص و ساکارز محلول</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نیز با</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کاربرد کمپوست</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بدست آمد. با</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">توجه</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">به</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نتایج</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">به</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">دست</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">آمده</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">می‌توان</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">گفت</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">که استفاده از کودهای آلی (کمپوست باگاس) در زراعت نیشکر یکی از راه کارهایی است که می توان برای تغذیه و بهبود رشد گیاه و به عـلاوه حفـظ بهداشـت محیط زیست به کار برده شود. همچنین مقاومت</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">علف</span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">‌</span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">هرز</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">به</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">علفکش</span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">‌</span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ها،</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">آلودگی</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">آب</span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">‌</span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های زیرزمینی و</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">محیط</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">زیست</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">از</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اصلی</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ترین</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">دلایلی</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">هستند</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">که</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تجدید</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نظر در</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">روش های</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مهار</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">علف</span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">‌</span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">هرز</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">را</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اجتناب</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ناپذیر</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">می</span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">‌</span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">سازند. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که روش کنترل کامل علف‌های هرز از گسترش علف</span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">‌</span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">هرز درنه سرخه جلوگیری می‌کند و میزان استفاده از علف‌کش‌ها در مزرعه نیشکر را کاهش می دهد.</span></span></b></span></span></span></span><br> <br> &nbsp; <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">A field experiment was conducted in experimental farm of Sugarcane Research Institute of Khuzestan province at 2019-2020 growing season, in order to examination of fertilizer type and weed management on sugar cane quantitative and qualitative yield.&nbsp; Experimental design was factorial on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The treatments include first factor (fertilizer type) with three levels (Control (Without fertilizer), Foliar application of N, P, K and compost of sugar cane bagass and the second factor was weed management with four levels (Control, weed free, spraying with Allion herbicide, Spraying with Sencor herbicide). In this study, quantitative traits such as stem height, number of stems, stem diameter stem dry weight, sugarcane yield, qualitative traits such as purity percentage, soluble sucrose and sucrose yield were measured.The results showed that complete weed control treatment and compost application (sugarcane bagasse) significantly increased sugarcane yield (84.09 tons per hectare) and sucrose yield (10.09%). Therefore, it can be suggesting that using a complete control treatment and use compost in Ahvaz can be effective and economical. dry weight of stems as well as total dry weight of sugarcane increased with decreasing weed interference time. fertilizer type also had a significant effect on the studied traits. Weed free management and application of Allion herbicide reduced dry and wet weight and density of jungle rice weed in sugarcane. Sucrose yield was increased by application of compost and foliar application of elements. Also, the highest percentage of purity and soluble sucrose was obtained by using compost. According to the results, it can be suggesting that the use of organic fertilizers (bagasse compost) in sugarcane cultivation is one of the solutions that can be used to nourish and improve plant growth and in addition to protecting the environment</span></span></b></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; آلیون, باگاس نیشکر, کمپوست, سنکور, محلول پاشی NPK و نوع کوددهی. Alion, Compost, Fertilization type, Sugarcane bagass, Sencor and Spraying of N, P, K. 5 21 http://cpj.ahvaz.iau.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1644-3&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Hosseinali Jafari حسینعلی جعفری hosseinali.jafari1396@gmail.com 1745347890 100319475328460010940 No Shahid chamran University of Ahvaz دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز Esfandiar Fateh اسفندیار فاتح e.fateh@scu.ac.ir 5159421017 100319475328460010941 Yes Shahid chamran University of Ahvaz دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز Amir Aynehband امیر آینه بند aynehband@scu.ac.ir 186570985 100319475328460010942 No University دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز Ali monsefi علی منصفی a.monsefi@scu.ac.ir 174690439 100319475328460010943 No Shahid chamran University of Ahvaz دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز